Socio-demographic risk factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: The objective of the study was to report the socio demographic risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: This study was conducted in the Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar. In this study 103 GDM and 97 healthy pregnant women (HPW) were registered in Khyber Teaching Hospital (KTH), Peshawar, Pakistan. Women with gestational diabetes were diagnosed with 75mg Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). Data was collected through questionnaire which had information about sociodemographic risk factors.

Results: Maternal age, BMI and parity of GDM were significantly higher at P < 0.05 as compared to HPW. Previous history of gestational diabetes and family history of diabetes of GDM women were also significantly higher at P < 0.001 as compared the control group. Socioecnomic status, education level and occupations of GDM and HPW were not significantly different.

Conclusion: Maternal age, BMI, parity, previous history of gestational diabetes and family history of diabetes are the high risk factors of GDM. Socioecnomic status does not affect the prevalence of GDM.