An Overview of Diminution of Quercus semecarpifolia Forests Ecosystem Services in Himalayan Region

This study quantify, recognize, and group the ecosystem services provided by Q. Semecarpifolia forests in the Himalayan region. The genus Quercus (Oaks) comprises very important tree species of the Himalayan forests. Oaks are crucial for a multitude of ecosystem services and livelihood support services reaped by the locals in the Himalayan region. Himalayan temperate oaks are evergreen, medium- to large-sized trees, mostly found in clusters. The distribution of oak plants occurs between 800 and 3,800 m asl throughout the Himalayan region. Quercus semecarpifolia is the oldest and dominating species of the Himalayan region. Forest ecosystem services were thought of as a ‘gift of nature’ and utilized throughout generations, though their quantification, recognition, and economic valuation are often ignored or underestimated. Because of the greater range of ecosystem services and livelihood opportunities it offers, it is seen as a lifeline for the inhabitants in this region. However, because of over-reliance, this species' woodland is rapidly disappearing in his area. The main source of overexploitation is the harvesting of fuelwood and feed. Research on the quantification, value, and prioritizing of ecosystem services obtained from the Himalayan forests and other ecosystems is still in its early stages and may take several years. In order to address future comparisons, conservation, management, and the decline in ecosystem services of this species in the Himalayan region, our study offers baseline data.