Study of Some Hematological Markers of Systemic Inflammatory Response in Preeclampsia

Background: Preeclampsia is one of the major health problems during pregnancy, which is characterized by hypertension, proteinuria, and features of multi-organ disease, and it complicates about 2 to 8% of pregnancies with increased maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, aim of this study was to evaluate the following blood markers in preeclampsia; neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio, red cell distribution width, mean platelet volume and platelet value.

Subjects and Methods: This was diagnostic research, observational method and cross-sectional design that was conducted at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Tanta University Hospitals, from 1-7-2020 to 1-11-2021. After fulfilling the Research and Ethics Committee guidelines, pregnant women were counseled to be enrolled in this study.

Results: There was significant decrease in PLR in severe preeclampsia group compared to control group (P<0.001) as well as mild preeclampsia group (P<0.001); while there was no statistically significant difference between control group and mild preeclampsia group (P>0.05). There was significant elevation in RDW in severe preeclampsia group compared to control group (P=0.005) as well as mild preeclampsia group (P<0.001); There was significant reduction in MPV in severe preeclampsia group compared to mild preeclampsia group (P<0.001) as well as control group (P<0.001); while there was no statistically significant difference between mild preeclampsia group and control group (P>0.05). There was significant decrease in PCT in severe preeclampsia group compared to control group (P=0.034) as well as mild preeclampsia group (P=0.009); while there was no statistically significant difference between control group and mild preeclampsia group (P>0.05).

Conclusion: In differentiation of preeclampsia, the highest sensitivity was achieved with MPV, while the highest specificity was achieved with PLR. In the differentiation of severe preeclamptic cases, the highest sensitivity was achieved with lymphocytes and MPV, while the highest specificity was achieved with PLR.